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Bangladesh Academy of Pathology

President: Professor Dr. Md. Nasimul Islam

General Secretary: Professor Dr. Shamim Akhter Mimi

Members  | Journal | International Scientific Conference |

Executive Committee 2022-2023

President:  Professor Dr. Md. Golam Mostafa
President Elect:  Professor Dr. Md. Nasimul Islam
Vice President:   Professor Dr. Ferdousy Begum
General Secretary: Professor Dr. Mohammed Shahed Ali Jinnah
Treasurer: Dr. Mohammad Masiur Rahman
Immediate Past President: Professor Ashim Ranjan Barua
Joint Secretary:  Dr.Raquibul Hasan Kazal
Scientific Secretary:  Dr. Mohammad Mahbubul Hoque
Publication Secretary: Dr. Md. Sadequel Islam Talukder

Executive Members:
Professor Dr. A Q M Abdul Hye
Professor Dr. M. Shahab Uddin Ahamad
Professor Dr. Shamim Akhter Mimi
Dr. Touhid Uddin Rupom
Dr. Taslima Hossain
Dr.Rubina Yasmin
Dr. Md.Imran Hassan
Dr. Zubaida Bahroon Khan
Dr. SaiyedaSinthia Karim
Dr. Subroto Roy
Dr.Prasun Biswas

 


Bangladesh Academy of Pathology(BAP) aims to work with national and international organizations like International Academy of Pathology(IAP)to achieve excellence in education, training, research and quality service in Pathology in Bangladesh.

The Bangladesh Academy of Pathology was officially launched and its first general meeting was held in the Department of Pathology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, on Friday, the 7th of December 2012. A total of 58 specialist pathologists from all over the country were present at the meeting. Twenty councillors were elected, amongst whom, the President, President elect, Vice President, Treasurer and General Secretary were selected for the next two years. The elected councillors were: Dr. A J E Nahar Rahman (President), Dr. Mohammed Kamal (President elect), Dr. Kaniz Rasul (Vice President), Dr. Ashim Ranjan Barua (Treasurer), and Dr. Maleeha Hussain (General Secretary), Dr. Md Sadequel Islam Talukder, Dr. S M Badruddoza, Dr. Sukumar Saha, Dr. Abed Hossain, Dr. M Shahabuddin Ahmed, Dr. AFM Saleh, Dr. PK Gosh, Dr. Shabnam Akhter, Dr. Shamiul Islam Sadi, Dr. Kamrul Hassan Khan, Dr. Farooque Ahmed, Dr Abdul Mannan Sikder, Dr. Col. Mahbubul Alam, Dr. Taslima Hossain and Dr. AUM Muhsin.


 

jhc.2024.v8.i2

Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology

Official Organ of Bangladesh Academy of Pathology
Vol 8, No 2, July 2024
Contents

Editorial
1. Reporting Renal Biopsies with Limited Resources
Banu SG

Original Contributions
2. Histopathological Analysis of Retinoblastoma: Insights into Prognostic Factors and Chemotherapeutic Response
Anjum R, Roy SR,Nasir TA
3. Histomorphological Patterns of Lesions in Lymph Node Biopsies in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Sarkar A, Khanam K,Afrin T
4. Significance of Combined Immuno-histochemical Expression of P63 & CD56 in Papillary and Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma
Majumder S, Khanom K, Ferdous JN
5. Correlation of Ki-67 Proliferating Index with Histological Types and Characterization of Mucin in Colorectal Carcinoma
Sultana S, Islam N, Kabir E
Case Report
6. A Case Report on Renal Amyloidosis
Imrana F, Islam SJ

Other
7. Information for Contributors


Editorial Board PDF

Index PDF

Inner back cover PDF

jhc.2024.v8.i2.7


Editorial
Information for Contributors

General Information

The Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology (JHC) aims in our understanding of the pathophysiological and pathogenetic mechanisms of human disease by publishing original papers, review articles, case reports and short communications related to basic and translational fields in pathology. It serves as bridges between basic biomedical science and clinical medicine with particular emphasis on, but is not restricted to, tissue based studies only. It is published twice a year as the Journal Committee of the Bangladesh Academy of Pathology.

Manuscript Preparation.

Manuscripts should be prepared in MS Word format in accordance with The Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals

(see http://www.icmje.org). All pages of the manuscript should be double-spaced and numbered consecutively beginning with the Title page.  Each of the following sections should begin on separate pages: Title,  Name and affiliation of authors, Abstract and Keywords, Text, Acknowledgements, References, individual Tables and legends.  Reformatting of the accepted papers may be needed according to the Journal specifications.

 

Title Page

The title page should include (i) type of publication (original, review, case report etc.) (ii) the complete title of the article (iii) authors’ name in abbreviation  (iv) list of authors including full name, highest degree, signature, designation and institutional affiliation and (v) name, mailing address, email and telephone/mobile number of author responsible for correspondence.

 

 

Abstracts

It should begin with full title of the article. Do not write authors name in the abstract page. The abstracts should not be more than 200 words. The abstract should state the purpose of the study or investigations, basic procedures, main findings and principal conclusion. Three to ten keywords may be provided below the abstract using terms from the Medical Subject Headings (Index Medicus, NLM, USA). Abbreviations and citations should be avoided.

 

Text

The text of the original articles should be divided into following sections: Introduction,

Methods, Result and Discussion.

 

References

References to literature should be numbered in Arabic numerical in superscripts

consecutively in the order in which they are mentioned in the text. At the end of article the full list of references should give the name of all authors followed by the title of the article, the title of the journal abbreviated according to Index Medicus, the year of publication, volume number and first and last pages of the article. Title of the books should be followed by the edition, place of publication, the publisher, the year and the relevant pages. Examples of correct form of reference are given below: References should begin on a new page, be double-spaced and numbered in order of citation in the text, including citations in tables and figure legends. Citations that first appear in tables, figures, or supplemental data should be numbered according to the item’s first call out in the text; a separate reference list should not be prepared for supplemental data. Complete author citation is required (use of “et al” is only acceptable for sources with more than 35 authors).

 

References should conform to the style of the Journal.

Examples

Journals: van Riel D, Leijten LM, Kochs G, Osterhaus AD, Kuiken T: Decrease of Virus Receptors during Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Virus Infection in Humans and Other Mammals. Am J Pathol 2013, 183:1382-1389

 

Electronic Journals: Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG, The PRISMA Group: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement. PLoS Med 2009, 6:e1000097. https://www.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097.

Books: Frosch MP: Central Nervous System. Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th Edition. Edited by Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC. Philadelphia, PA, Saunders, 2012, pp. 811-850

Product Inserts: Cite in text only: (Affymetrix technical note: Globin Reduction Protocol: A Method for Processing Whole Blood RNA Samples for Improved Array Results. Santa Clara, CA).

Web sites: Cite in text only. See Data Supplements and Non-Traditional Media section below for proper use of web site references. Use the doi when available. Include the name of the institution sponsoring the web site, URL address with direct linkage to the referenced information, and date of last access.

 

Tables

Tables should be typed written on separate numbered pages submitted after the main text on separate pages, as part of the manuscript. The preferred file format for Tables is MS Word. and should follow the reference list. All tables should be numbered consecutively using Roman numerical. Each must carry a brief descriptive heading. Tables should be planned to fit within print area. Table footnotes should use the sequential symbols: *, †, ‡, §, ¶, ∥; and abbreviations.

Illustrations

Figure file formats (including those embedded in the text) are unacceptable.

Photographs and photomicrographs should be of high resolution (minimum 5 mega pixels), in original unedited form and jpg format. These should contain a legend with magnification and stain used. Figure number and name of the first author should be mentioned in each file. Legend should be given in separate page.  Patients’ identification should be hidden.

 

Abbreviation

Standard abbreviation should be used whenever possible. The full term for which the abbreviation stands followed by abbreviation in parenthesis should be proceed

the first use of the abbreviation in the text except for standard units of measurements

like 27OC and 25 mmol/L etc.

 

Letters to the editor

Communications with reference to an article published in the journal and current health

problems in the community will be accepted as letter to the editor.

 

Electronic Copy

An electronic copy (soft copy) in the form of CD must be submitted with the printed copy of the article. Electronic copy may be send by email attachment at sadequel@yahoo.com. Text should be processed with MS Word and pictures should be saved in JPG format.

 

 

Manuscript Submission

Electronic version of the manuscripts should be submitted through email to the Executive Editor.  Alternatively send DVD/CD to: The Executive Editor of the Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology.  A cover letter to the editor must accompany the manuscript stating any,  (a) conflicts of interest (both financial and personal), (b) that the manuscript has not been published previously and is not being considered concurrently by another publication, and (c) all authors and acknowledged contributors have read and approved the manuscript. Submissions are not considered for review if previously published in any form (print or online) other than as an abstract. The editor reserves the customary right to style and if necessary shorten the material accepted for publication and to determine the priority and time of publication. Editor assumes that work based on honest observations. It is not the task of the editor to investigate scientific fraud paper.

 

Proofs

The corresponding author will be contacted by email once proofs are ready, and will be directed to download electronic proofs from a secure website. The author should check the proofs carefully, mark any printer’s errors, and answer queries as requested. Author changes should be kept to a minimum. Proof corrections and replacement figures (if any) must be returned within 48 hours to avoid any delay in publication.

The Review Strategy

On receipt, manuscripts are assessed by the Editor-in-Chief, to one Associate Editor. The Reviewers’ and Associate Editor’s views are used by the Editor-in-Chief (or a Senior Editor) in reaching a decision, usually within three weeks of submission.

 

 

Summary of Submission, General points

Format the word processing document as double spaced A4 pages with an additional space between paragraphs and margins of at least 2 cm all round. Use a 12-pt standard font such as Times, Helvetica or Arial (with Symbol for special characters). Do not use line numbering, but include page numbers in the header or footer, aligned right. Use consistent, preferably UK English spelling.

 

Manuscript title

This should be clear, simple and concise; long titles lack impact. Please remember that many readers will only scan titles, so they should reflect the message of the paper and catch the readers’ attention.

 

A short running title

This must be 75 characters or less, including spaces, and reflect the main title and content of the manuscript.

 

List of authors

Authorship credit should be based only on 1) substantial contributions to conception and design, or acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data; 2) drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content; 3) final approval of the version to be published.

 

A statement outlining the specific contribution of each author to the manuscript and the work reported in it must appear after the acknowledgements section (see below).

 

Full affiliations of all authors

Include the name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed. Append the corresponding author(s) full postal address, phone number and email address.

 

Conflict of interest statements

Authors must disclose all financial and personal relationships that might bias their work; to prevent ambiguity, a conflict of interest statement must appear on the manuscript title page, detailing any conflicts (or the absence thereof) for each author.

 

Word count (from beginning of Introduction to end of Discussion)

Concise articles make a greater impact than long ones and are less likely to be delayed by editing to a suitable length. Full articles should be no more than 4000 words from the beginning of the Introduction to the end of the Discussion. Review articles and special features may occasionally exceed this limit by arrangement with the Editor-in-Chief.

 

Abstract (not structured and no more than 300 words)

Following the title page(s), the next page should carry an unstructured prose abstract of 300 words or less. It should clearly convey the purposes of the study, and the main procedures, findings and conclusions. It should be understandable without reference to the rest of the paper, and contain no citation to references in the reference list. Only standard abbreviations as listed below are permitted.

 

Keywords (3 to 10)

Below the abstract, authors should provide and identify as such 3 to 10 keywords or short phrases to assist indexing the article and that may be published with the abstract. MESH headings are a useful guide for authors in considering keywords.

 

Manuscript structure

Research articles are divided into sections with the headings: Abstract, Introduction, Methods, Results and Discussion. Long articles may need subheadings (especially within the Results and Discussion) to clarify their content. The sections should not be numbered. Other types of articles, such as reviews and commentaries, still need a title and abstract and should adhere as closely as possible to these guidelines.

Full Text PDF

jhc.2024.v8.i2.6


Editorial
Case Report

A Case Report on Renal Amyloidosis

*Imrana F,1 Islam SJ2

  1. *Dr. Farah Imrana, MD (Histopathology), Assistant Professor, BIHS General Hospital. farahdr02@gmail.com
  2. (Brig. Gen.) Sk. Md. Jaynul Islam, Senior Consultant, Pathology. BIRDEM Hospital. Ex. Head of the Department, Histopathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP)

*For correspondence

Abstract
Amyloidosis involves the deposition of abnormal proteins in various tissue and result in progressive organ dysfunction, commonly affecting multiple organs. Two types of systemic amyloidosis are AA and AL, the former is associated with acute phase reaction and the later is composed of light chain immunoglobulin. This disease commonly affects the kidneys and is evidenced by massive proteinuria. A biopsy is the gold standard of diagnosis, with Congo Red staining revealing an apple green birefringence under polarized light microscope. We are presenting a 45 years old male who presented with rapid rising serum creatinine with history of  multiple myeloma (non secretory). There was also history of spine tuberculosis.

[Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology, 2024 Jul; 8 (2):109-114]
DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.69950/jhc.2024.v8.i2.6

Keywords: Amyloidosis, Proteinuria
Full article

jhc.2024.v8.i2.5


Editorial
Original Contribution
Correlation of Ki-67 Proliferating Index with Histological Types and Characterization of Mucin in Colorectal Carcinoma
*Sultana S,1 Islam N,2 Kabir E3

  1. *Dr. Sahela Sultana, MBBS. MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Ibrahim Medical College, Dhaka. sultana.sahela83@gmail.com
  2. Dr. Nasimul Islam. MBBS. M. Phil., Professor & Head, Department of Pathology, Anwar Khan Modern Medical College & Hospital
  3. Dr. Enamul Kabir. MBBS. M.Phil. MSc(Path), Professor, Department of Pathology, Popular Medical College, Dhaka

*For Correspondence
Abstract
Background: Colorectal carcinoma is a major cause of cancer associated with a high rate of morbidity and mortality in the western world. One of the pathologic features considered to be important for prognosis is mucin production. Many authors confirmed that colon carcinomas with high mucin content tend to recur locally and carry a poor prognosis.
Aim: Correlation of Ki-67 proliferating index with different type of colorectal carcinoma as well as characterization of mucin.
Method: This cross sectional study was conducted at Sir Salimullah Medical College, Department of pathology   from July 2014 to June 2016. Ninety eight patients with colorectal carcinoma was enrolled in this  study  who underwent surgical resection of colon, adenocarcinomas. For histological classification  we used the WHO recommendation (2000) and to be more accurate we sub-classified mucinous adenocarcinomas by morphometrical  analysis in three categories: pure mucinous, with extracellular mucin more than 80% of the tumoral volume; mixed type, with 50–80%  extracellular mucin; and mixed type with less than 50% extracellular mucin and their  correlation with Ki-67 proliferating index . For histochemical investigation, we used stains such as: D- PAS and Alcian Blue. A technique of manual tissue array was employed to see Ki-67 expression by IHC method. Ki-67 is a proliferation associated nuclear antigen which can be recognized by MIB-1 monoclonal antibody.
Result: It was observed that Ki-67 labeling index was high in nonmucinous tumor  compared to mucinous adenocarcinoma and signet ring cell carcinoma which is  statistically significant (P<0.05). Histochemical stain of mucin where both D-PAS and Alcian Blue positive cases(mixed type)  are more than the Only D-PAS positive cases(pure type). Ki-67 proliferating index was also high in mixed type mucinous adenocarcinoma (<50%) compared to pure (>80%) and mixed type (50-80%). The result was statistically significant (p<0.05). Correlation of Ki-67 proliferating index with histologic type as well as mucin characterization and thereby provide information to clinician to better understanding  of the  treatment as well as prognosis.

[Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology, 2024 Jul; 8 (2):100-108]
DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.69950/jhc.2024.v8.i2.5
Keywords: Colorectal carcinoma, Mucin, Immunohistochemistry, Ki-67.
Full article

jhc.2024.v8.i2.4


Editorial
Original Contribution

Significance of Combined Immuno-histochemical Expression of P63 & CD56 in Papillary and Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma

 

*Majumder S,1 Khanom K,2 Ferdous JN3

  1. *Dr. Swapna Majumder, Lecturer, Department of Pathology, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi, Bangladesh. dr.swapna.rmch@gmail.com
  2. Khadiza Khanom, Professor and Head, Department of Pathology, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi, Bangladesh. drkhadiza68@gmail.com
  3. Jesmin Naz Ferdous, Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Bangladesh. limaf888@gmail.com

 

*For correspondence
Abstract
Background: Thyroid neoplasm is the commonest endocrine neoplasm. More than 80% of thyroid malignancies are papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) followed by follicular carcinoma (FC). The diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma is based on characteristic nuclear morphology of a thyroid neoplasm. In contrast, follicular variant of PTC may cause, if the nuclear features of PTC are insufficiently appreciated, severe problems in differentiating from follicular thyroid carcinoma. Several immunohistochemical (IHC) markers such as P63 and CD56 have been recommended to differentiate between this two thyroid malignancies with overlapping histomorphology.
Objectives: Our aim was to identify the possible diagnostic role of P63 and CD56 immunoexpression that distinguish PTC, including the follicular variant from follicular thyroid carcinoma.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, Rajshahi Medical College from March 2020 to February 2022. A total of 44 cases, histologically confirmed as papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma were included in the study. Immunohistochemistry was done for P63 and CD56 from selected paraffin blocks.
Results: Histologically, 39 cases were diagnosed as papillary thyroid carcinoma (27 were classical PTC & 12 were FVPTC) and the rest 5 were follicular thyroid carcinoma. In this study, mean age of the patients was 40.86 ± 6.57 years (SD) and male to female ratio was 1:2.4. P63 showed 74.4% positivity with papillary thyroid carcinoma. Positive immunoreactivity of P63 was highly significant in distinguishing papillary from follicular thyroid carcinoma (P=0.003). Combined P63 positive CD56 negative (P=0.048) and P63 negative CD56 negative immunoexpression (P=0.039) were statistically significant in differentiating papillary from follicular thyroid carcinoma.
Conclusion: This study suggested that the use of P63 and CD56 may be helpful in the diagnosis of papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma along with histopathological examination and their combination may also help in this purpose.

[Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology, 2024 Jul; 8 (2):91-99]
DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.69950/jhc.2024.v8.i2.4

Keywords: Immunohistochemistry (IHC), PTC, FVPTC, FC, P63, CD56
Full Article

jhc.2024.v8.i2.3


Editorial
Original Contribution

Histomorphological Patterns of Lesions in Lymph Node Biopsies in a Tertiary Care Hospital

*Sarkar A,1 Khanam K,2 Afrin T3

  1. *Dr. Anindita Sarkar, MD (Pathology), Assistant Professor (C.C), Department of Pathology, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi, abantica.16@gmail.com.
  2. Khadiza Khanam, MD (Pathology), Professor and Head, Department of Pathology, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi.
  3. Tanshina Afrin, MD (Pathology), Assistant Professor (C.C), Department of Pathology, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi.

* For Correspondence

Abstract
Background: Lymphadenopathy is one of the most common presentations of inflammatory and neoplastic disorders. Detailed assessment is required to reveal an underlying pathology. Clinical features along with radiology images may not be sufficient for diagnosis of lymph node enlargement. Hence, lymph node biopsy has become a mandatory tool to arrive at a definitive diagnosis.
Methods: This cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, Rajshahi Medical College over a period of one year from July 2022 to June 2023. A total of 130 cases of lymph node biopsies were included in this study as the study subjects purposively. Specimen of tissue was fixed with 10% formalin and stained with haematoxyline and eosin stain, followed by histopathological examination. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel.
Result: A total of 130 lymph node biopsies were studied with ages ranging from 13 to 72 years. Most of the cases (54%) belonged to 21-40 years. Female patients were 52% and male patients were 48%. Reactive hyperplasia was the commonest lesion accounting for 37% of cases (48 cases), followed by metastatic deposits showed in 36 cases (28%).Reactive hyperplasia was common in early age group while 69% of metastatic deposits were found in age group above 40 years. Duct cell carcinoma was the commonest metastatic carcinoma (42%) in this present study.
Conclusion: To establish the causes of lymphadenopathy, lymph node biopsy plays an important role. It is less expensive than other tests when investigating the cause of enlarged lymph nodes.

[Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology, 2024 Jul; 8 (2):84-90]
DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.69950/jhc.2024.v8.i2.3
Keywords: Lymphadenopathy, Biopsy, Histopathology, Lymph nodes.
Full Article

jhc.2024.v8.i2.2


Editorial
Original Contribution

Histopathological Analysis of Retinoblastoma: Insights into Prognostic Factors and Chemotherapeutic Response

*Anjum R,1 Roy SR,2 Nasir TA3

1. *Dr. Rahat Anjum, Associate Consultant, Histopathology & Cytopathology, Apollo Imperial Hospitals, Zakir
Hossain Road,Chattogram. anjum.r.dr@gmail.com
2. Dr. Soma Rani Roy, Consultant, Department of Oculoplasty and Ocular oncology, Chittagong Eye Infirmary.
3. Professor. Dr. Tareak Al Nasir, Senior Consultant and Laboratory Director, Islami Bank CentralLaboratory,
Dhaka
*For correspondence

Abstract
Background: Retinoblastoma is a highly aggressive ocular malignancy that mainly impacts young children. It is essential to comprehend the histopathological characteristics of this tumour to determine the most effective treatment approaches. Furthermore, recognizing high-risk histopathological factors can help predict the prognosis and guide treatment decisions for patients with retinoblastoma.
Objective:To analyse the histopathological features in eyes with retinoblastoma primarily treated by enucleation and those treated with chemoreduction. The goal is to identify high-risk factors and improve treatment modalities, prognosis, and reduce morbidity and mortality.
Methods: 40 enucleated eyes registered from October 2021 to October 2023 had been studied. Histopathological findings were evaluated according to age, sexlaterality, choroid, sclera, optic nerve, subarachnoid space involvement, necrosis, and calcification, degree of differentiation, chemotherapeutic effect and tumor regression after chemotherapy and histoprognostic factors. Grading and staging were done according to 8th AJCC classification of eye tumor.
Results:Rosettes, necrosis, calcification were common histological findings in this study. High risk factor assessment was very crucial in staging and prognosis. Chemotherapy treated eyes showed varying degrees of response.

Conclusion: Histopathological evaluation guide further management to prevent metastasis.
[Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology, 2024 Jul; 8 (2):74-83]
DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.69950/jhc.2024.v8.i2.2

Keywords: Retinoblastoma, High risk factors, Choroidal invasion

Full Article

jhc.2024.v8.i2.1


Editorial

DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.69950/jhc.2024.v8.i2.1

 Reporting Renal Biopsies with Limited Resources

*Banu SG

Reporting renal biopsies needs multiple specialized techniques to aid histopathology. Though histopathology correlating clinical features can provisionally diagnose a number of renal parenchymal disorders, some of those diagnoses lack confirmation, while some others remain incomplete. In many developing countries like ours, renal biopsies are usually reported with history, clinical features, histopathology and direct immunofluorescence (DIF) study. Although this practice can diagnose diseases like minimal change disease, infection associated glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, membranous nephropathy and IgA nephropathy with variable confidence, many diagnoses need electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry and molecular study for their confirmation. Concerns arise as some important medical approaches namely ‘treatment of disease’, ‘prediction of prognosis’ and ‘research’ are based on these diagnoses. Incomplete diagnosis can badly affect patient management and research authenticity.
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) denotes a common renal disorder. But more importantly, it implies a histomorphological pattern seen in many renal biopsies having other disorders that are progressing to chronicity. While the latter disorders can be diagnosed with the help of DIF study (when they are immune-mediated), the true FSGS, which is basically a podocytopathy, needs electron microscopy to see the podocyte foot process effacement, podocyte loss and hypertrophy. Diseases with organoid deposits like amyloidosis, fibrillary glomerulonephritis, immunoglobulin/light chain deposition disease and others need special stains, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy for confirmation of their diagnosis. Molecular study is needed in many cases to detect genetic alterations. Newer ancillary techniques including image analysis and AI-based computational approach have already moved into the diagnostic panel of renal biopsies in the developed countries. In this modern era, with a huge load of kidney patients in our country, we are remaining satisfied with diagnosis of some common diseases using the oldest tools, as if less common diseases do not occur in our people. This attitude of ours should be changed. More pathologists should be trained in reporting renal biopsies, and they must have modern laboratory facilities to make proper diagnoses of the renal diseases. Bigger institutions should come forward with offers of logistic support.
*Dr. Sultana Gulshana Banu, Professor, Department of Pathology, BSMMU, Shahbag, Dhaka. sgb.bsmmu@gmail.com

Demo Post 1

Original Contribution

 Evaluation of Immunohistochemical Expression of p53 in Colorectal Carcinoma

 *Mouri MJ,1 Kabir E,2 Begum S3

 Abstract

Background: The most common gastrointestinal malignancy is colorectal carcinoma and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. In colorectal carcinoma the most frequently mutated gene is p53 tumor suppressor gene. Mutation of p53 gene gives rise to abnormal protein which can be easily detected by immunohistochemistry. Expression of mutant p53 protein has been associated with poor clinical outcome and increased risk of death due to increased aggressiveness of the disease.

ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to see the clinicopathological correlation of mutant p53 expression in colorectal carcinoma.

Method Total 50 paraffin embedded tissue blocks of histopathologically diagnosed cases of colorectal cancer were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining for mutant p53 expression. The study was performed in Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka (from March, 2018 to February, 2020).

Results: Out of 50 patients studied, 29 cases (58%) expressed mutant p53 protein in the nucleus of malignant cells. There was significant association between  p53  protein expression and clinicopathologic variables such as age (<40 years vs >40 years, p=0.032), site of tumor (left vs right colon, p=0.028), pathological type (mucinous vs non mucinous, p=0.039), grade (a greater tendency towards poor differentiation, p= 0.039), advanced stage (both TNM and Dukes), whereas no significant association was found between mutant p53 protien expression and other parameters like gender and morphological types.

Conclusion: The results of this current study revealed that mutant p53 positive colorectal cancer tended to be related to a higher grade of malignancy, advanced tumor stage and mucinous morphology. The results of this current study revealed that mutant p53 positive colorectal cancer tended to be related to a higher grade of malignancy, advanced tumor stage and mucinous morphology. So, p53 is an important immunohistochemical marker for colorectal cancer patients

 

[Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology, 2024 Jan; 8 (1):10-18]

 

Keywords: Colorectal cancer, p53, Immunohistochemistry

 

  1. *Dr. Mahfuza Jebun  Mouri; Lecturer, Department of Pathology, Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College, Sher-E-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka.  mouri@gmail.com.
  2. Enamul Kabir, Professor, Department of Pathology, Popular Medical College, Dhaka.
  3. Shahnaj Begum, Professor, Department of Pathology, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka.

 

*For correspondence

Introduction

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common malignancy of gastrointestinal tract and it is one of the leading causes of cancer related morbidity and mortality in the world. Over 1.9 million new CRC cases and 930 000 deaths were estimated in 2020 and the burden of CRC is projected to increase to 3.2 million new cases and 1.6 million deaths by 2040.1 Adenocarcinoma is the most common form of colorectal cancer (>95%).2 The essential elements of the pathological assessment of colorectal cancer resection specimens include the pathologic determination of TNM stage, tumor type, histologic grade, status of resection margins, and vascular invasion.3 ……

 

Methods

This cross sectional study was conducted in Department of Pathology, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka during the period from March 2018 to February, 2020. …………..

 

Results

The age range of study population was from 32 to 75 years and more than one third (42.0%) of patients belonged to age 50-59 years. Among the patients 64% were male. ……….

 

Table I: Distribution of the study cases by P53 Expression (n=50)

P53 Expression Number of cases Percentage (%) of cases
<5% (Negative) 21 42.0
5-25% (Weakly positive) 11 22.0
26-75% (Moderately positive) 9 18.0
>75% (Strongly positive) 9 18.0

Figure 1. Photomicrograph showing H & E stained section well differentiated adenocarcinoma of colon

 

Discussion

Many studies reveal that the mutant p53 immunostain is very high in CRC. The positivity rate is reported being between 43% and 86.36%.14,15,16  In the present study, out of 50 cases of colorectal carcinoma samples, 29 cases (58%) displayed mutant p53 protein overexpression. ………

 

References

  1. Morgan E, Arnold M, Gini A, Lorenzoni V, Cabasag CJ, Laversanne M, Vignat J, Ferlay J, Murphy N, Bray F. Global burden of colorectal cancer in 2020 and 2040: Incidence and mortality estimates from GLOBOCAN. Gut. 2023 Feb 1; 72(2):338-44.
  2. Thrumurthy SG, Thrumurthy SS, Gilbert CE, Ross P, Haji A. Colorectal adenocarcinoma: risks, prevention and diagnosis. Bmj. 2016 Jul 14; 354.
  3. Compton CC. Colorectal carcinoma: diagnostic, prognostic, and molecular features. Modern Pathology. 2003 Apr 1; 16(4):376-88…….

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