Author: bapath

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JHC 2023 January v7 i1 s7

Case Report

Cauda Equina Neuroendocrine Tumor – A Case Report

1.*Dr. Sifat Shams, Medical Officer, Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Neuroscience & Hospital,
Dhaka, Bangladesh. sifatshams24@gmail.com
2. Professor Dr. Md. Nowfel Islam, Head, Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Neuroscience &
Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
*For correspondence
Abstract
Cauda equina neuroendocrine tumors are rare tumors; very few cases have been reported in
literature. The presenting report is a case of 53 years old male hailing from Kurigram district. He
had low back pain for 2 years radiating to both lower limbs. The physical examinations were
within normal limit. The MRI showed an oval intradural lesion in L2-L3 level with T1 and T2 signal
intensity L2 and L3 Laminectomy followed by total resection of tumor was done. Routine H&E
stain and immunostain confirmed the case as Cauda equina neuroendocrine tumor.
[Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology, 2023 Jan; 7 (1):45-47]
Keywords: Paraganglioma, Cauda equina.
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JHC2023v7i1s6

Original Contribution

Stromal Expression of CD10 in invasive Ductal Carcinoma and its relationship
with ER, PR and HER2-neu Status

1.*Dr. Farah Imrana, MD (Histopathology), Assistant Professor, BIHS General Hospital. 125/1Darus
Salam, Mirpur, Dhaka.. farahdr02@gmail.com
2. Dr. Md. Shahriar Mamun, Assistant Professor (cc), Department of Pathology, Satkhira Medical College.
3. Dr. SM Moshadeq Hossain, Assistant Professor, Pathology, Rajshahi Medical College.
4. Dr. Alimul Hassan, Clinical Pathologist, Rangpur Medical College Hospital.

*For correspondence

Abstract
Background: Ductal carcinoma is a common type of breast cancer that starts in cells of milk ducts
and can enhance the risk of developing invasive breast cancer in the long run. The study aimed to
evaluate the stromal expression of CD10 in Invasive Ductal Carcinoma and its relationship with
ER, PR, and HER-2 status.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Pathology, Rajshahi
Medical College, Rajshahi, from July 2017 to December 2018, to evaluate the expression of
stromal CD10 in invasive breast carcinoma and to correlate with ER, PR, HER 2/neu status in
mastectomy or lumpectomy specimen. A total of 50 cases of mastectomy or lumpectomy
specimens will be taken that were received in the Department. Samples were selected by the
purposive sampling technique.
Results: In the present study, out of total 50 cases, most of the study subjects that is 17 (34%)
belonged to the age group of 51-60 years. Estrogen receptor were positive in 29(58.0%) cases,
progesterone receptor was positive in 16(32.0%) cases. The association between estrogen receptor
status with stromal CD10, all the 16 (100.0%) CD 10 strong positive cases were negative for
estrogen receptor. In CD10 negative group, almost all 28 (96.6%) cases were positive for estrogen
receptor. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Substantial knowledge regarding stromal contribution to cancer progression could
help researchers to identify particular signals which could lead to the revelation of new therapeutic
targets in the future.

[Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology, 2023 Jan; 7 (1):36-44]
Keywords: Ductal carcinoma, CD10, Estrogen receptor, Progesterone receptor, Her-2, Invasive

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JHC 2023 January v7 i1 s5

Original Contribution

Evaluation of Stromal CD10 Expression and its Correlation with other Clinicopathological Factors in Invasive Breast Carcinoma

1.*Dr. Farah Imrana, MD (Histopathology), Assistant Professor, BIHS General Hospital. 125/1Darus
Salam, Mirpur, Dhaka. farahdr02@gmail.com
2. Dr. Md. Shahriar Mamun, Assistant Professor (cc), Department of Pathology, Satkhira Medical College.
3. Dr. SM Moshadeq Hossain, Assistant Professor, Pathology, Rajshahi Medical College.
4. Dr. Alimul Hassan, Lecturer, Department of Pathology, Pabna Medical College.
*For correspondence

Abstract
Background: Expression of stromal CD10 was considerably remarked with metastasis of lymph
node and higher tumor grade. CD10 is a useful independent prognostic indicator which is
necessary to include in routine histopathology report
Objective: The intent of the study was to investigate the expression of stromal CD10 in invasive
breast carcinoma.
Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in the department of Pathology, Rajshahi
Medical College, Rajshahi, during July 2017 to December 2018, to evaluate the expression of
stromal CD10 in invasive breast carcinoma and to correlate with ER, PR status in mastectomy
specimen. A total of 50 cases of mastectomy or lumpectomy specimens will be taken that are
received in the Department. Samples were selected by the purposive sampling technique.
Result: In the present study, out of 50 cases stromal CD 10 was found to be strong positive in
13(36.1%), weak positive in 9(25%) and negative in 14(38.9%) cases. Regarding the association
between tumor grade with stromal CD10 it was observed that 9 (56.3%) out of total 16 CD 10
strong positive cases, 3 (60.0%) out of five CD10 weak positive and 26 (89.7%) out of 29 CD 10
negative were grade I tumor. Seven (43.8%) were grade II tumor in the strong positive group, 2
(40.0%) in weak positive group and none in negative group. In this series it was observed that
maximum 38 (76.0%) cases were grade II tumors followed by 09 (18.0%) cases were grade I and
03 (6.0%) cases were grade III tumor. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05) between
tumor grade with stromal CD 10 expression.
Conclusion: This study was undertaken to detect the expression of stromal CD10 in invasive
breast carcinoma in mastectomy specimen. Tumor grade was significantly (p<0.05) associated with
stromal CD 10.

[Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology, 2023 Jan; 7 (1):27-35]
Keywords: Stromal, CD10, Carcinoma

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JHC 2023 January v7 i1 s4

Original Contribution

Role of FNAC and Core Needle Biopsy in the Diagnosis of Breast Lesions

1.*Dr. Anindita Sarkar, MD (Pathology), Assistant Professor (C.C), Pathology Department, Rajshahi Medical
College. abantica.16@gmail.com.
2. Prof. Dr. S. M. Asafudullah, MD (Pathology), Professor and Head of Department of Pathology, Rajshahi Medical
College.
3. Dr. Khadiza Khanam, MD (Pathology), Professor, Pathology Department, Rajshahi Medical College.
4. Dr. Rukhshana Akhter Jahan, MD (Pathology), Associate Professor, Pathology Department, Rajshahi Medical
College.
5. Dr. Tanshina Afrin, MD (Pathology), Assistant Professor (C.C), Pathology Department, Rajshahi Medical College.
6. Dr. Rebeka Sultana, MD (Pathology), Consultant, Islami Bank Hospital, Rajshahi.
*For correspondence

Abstract
Background: Though excision biopsy of breast lump is considered to be the gold standard method
for diagnosis, there should be an improved and definitive method for establishing an accurate
diagnosis of breast lesions prior to surgery. This study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy and
diagnostic performance of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and core needle biopsy (CNB)
in the preoperative assessment of breast lesions.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the private diagnostic center in Rajshahi,
Bangladesh over a period of one year from January 2022 to December 2022.A total of 60 cases
were subjected to both FNAC and CNB from the same breast lesions included in this study.
Result: The age range of total 60 patients was 22-85 years with mean age of 42.18 ±SD 12.15
years. 38 patients had benign lesions and 22 had malignant tumors. Sensitivity, specificity, positive
predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy for FNAC were 89.4%, 100%,
100%, 84.6%, and 93.3%, respectively in diagnosing carcinoma. CNB had sensitivity, specificity,
positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy of 94.7%, 100%,
100%, 91.6% and 91.6% respectively. Both FNAC and CNB showed statistically significant
association.
Conclusion: Taking into account the benefits and outcomes, combined approach of FNAC and
CNB can provide accurate preoperative diagnosis of breast lesions and provide important
information for appropriate treatment

[Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology, 2023 Jan; 7 (1):21-26]
Keywords: FNAC, Core needle biopsy (CNB), Breast lesion

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JHC 2023 January v7i 1s3

Original Contribution

Histopathological Analysis of Uterine Lesions in Hysterectomy Specimen at a Tertiary Hospital

1.*Dr. Md. Shahadat Hossain, Associate Professor& Head, Department of Pathology, AWMC,
Dhaka.dr.shossain@yahoo.com.
2. Dr. SK Salowa Sultana, Assistant professor, Department of Pathology, AWMC, Dhaka.
3. Dr. Shaikh Alamgir Hossain, Senior Consultant(Pathology), Bangladesh Secretariat Clinic, Dhaka
*For correspondence

Abstract
Background: The female genital tract is a hormone responsive system to a degree unmatched by
any other system in the body. The gross configuration of uterus changes dramatically throughout
life.The gynecological specimen forms the substantial proportion of work load in histopathology
laboratory. Hysterectomy is the most common major gynecological operation in the world which
can be done through either abdominal or vaginal routes.
Objective: To find the histopathological features of various lesions of uterine body and cervix,
their profile and distribution of different lesion in relation to age.
Method: This descriptive type of study was carried out with 808 patients who undergone
hysterectomy operation through either abdominal or vaginal routes. After fixation, necessary
blocks were obtained from the uterus that includes endometrium, myometrium, lower uterine
segment and cervix. The tissue pieces were then processed manually and histopathological slides
were made using hematoxylin and eosin stain.
Results: All of 808 cases, the most common type of hysterectomy was abdominal hysterectomy
comprising of 651 cases (80.57%) followed by vaginal hysterectomy comprising 157 cases
(19.43%). Most of the abdominal hysterectomy was done in 36-45 years age group and in older age
group most of the hysterectomy was done by vaginal route. Chronic cervicitis is the most common
cervical pathology in this study which was 58.42 %. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), mild
and moderate were 31(3.84%) cases and 10(1.24%) cases respectively and cervical cancer
(invasive squamous cell carcinoma) was found 11(1.35%) cases in which most of the cases
7(63.64%) were in between 46-50 years age group. Pathological lesion of body of uterus shows
most of the cases adenomyosis and leiomyoma which were 297(36.76 %) cases and 309 (38.24 %)
cases respectively and 7 (0.87%) patients had endometrial adenocarcinoma.
Conclusion: Uterine fibroids and adenomyosis were the most common benign conditions in
hysterectomy specimens in our community with peak incidence at fourth decade while cervical
cancer peaked at the same age group and endometrial adenocarcinoma peaked at fifth decade. At
the same time, vaginal hysterectomy was performed exclusively for utero-vaginal prolapse

[Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology, 2023 Jan; 7 (1):12-20]
Keywords: Histopathology, Hysterectomy, chronic cervicitis

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JHC 2023 v7 i2 s11

Case Report

Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Breast in a Lactating Mother: A Rare Case Report

1.*Dr. DM Arifur Rahman, Associate professor (Pathology), TMSS Medical College, Bogura.
arifurrahmandm@gmail.com
2. Dr. Rokhsana Sarmin, Junior Consultant (Surgery), 250 Bedded Mohammad Ali Hospital, Bogura.
*For correspondence

Abstract
We report a case of 32 years old woman diagnosed as primary squamous cell carcinoma during lactation, which is exquisitely rare. Histopathological examination confirms the diagnosis. Due torarity of the entity the diagnosis and management is challenging

[Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology, 2023 Jul; 7 (2):119-122]
Keywords: Squamous cell carcinoma, Lactating mother

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JHC 2023 v7 i2 s10

Case Report

Coexistence of Psoriasis and Leprosy: A Rare Case Report of Long-standing Dermatological Conditions

1.*Dr. SM. Basitur Roshid, Assistant Professor, Department of Surgical Pathology, BIRDEM, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
dr.basitroshid@gmail.com
2. Dr. Fahmeeda Tasnim, MD Resident, Pathology, BIRDEM under BSMMU, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
3. Dr. Mohammad Mahabubul Hoque, Assistant Professor of Pathology, National Institute of Laboratory Medicine
and Referral Centre, Agargaon, Dhaka.
*For correspondence

Abstract
Psoriasis and leprosy are two distinct chronic dermatological conditions with unique clinical
features and pathogenesis. The coexistence of these two conditions in a single patient is extremely
rare and poses diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. We present a case report of a patient who
suffered from psoriasis for 20 years and subsequently developed leprosy, as confirmed by
histopathological examination. This case highlights the importance of considering concurrent
dermatological conditions in patients with long-standing psoriasis and emphasizes the need for a
multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis and management.

[Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology, 2023 Jul; 7 (2):116-118]
Keywords: Psoriasis, Leprosy

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JHC 2023 v7 i2 s9

Case Report

STUMP of Prostate Gland – Case Report

1.*Dr. Afroza Begum, Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Anwer Khan Modern Medical College.
afroza.mithila@gmail.com
2. Dr. Azfar Uddin Shaikh, Assistant Professor, Urology, Anwer Khan Modern Medical College
3. Prof. Mohammed Kamal, Chief Consultant, The Laboratory, Ex-Chairman and Head of the Department of
Pathology, BSMMU
*For correspondence
Abstract
Specialized stromal tumours of prostate includes stromal tumors of uncertain malignant potential
(STUMP) and stromal sarcoma. Florid Benign prostatic hyperplasia must be differentiated from
prostatic stromal neoplasia. Prostatic STUMPs may have significant overlap with florid stromal
hyperplasia. A case of prostatic STUMP is reported in this article. A 56 years old man presented
with dysuria. Ultrasonography and CT scan showed inhomogenous parenchyma and highly
suspicious lesion in posterior transition zone and postero-lateral peripheral zone of left lobe at mid
gland of prostate. Capsular invasion was absent. Core biopsy revealed nodular hyperplasia with
focal phyllodes like atypical stromal hyperplasia (STUMP). PSA level was 7.2 ng/ml. We should
observe the glandular epithelial neoplasia and stromal cells changes during histopathological
diagnosis because sarcomatouus changes in stromal cells is equally devastating as carcinoma

[Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology, 2023 Jul; 7 (2):112-115]
Keywords: Stromal tumour of uncertain malignant potential (STUMP), Prostate specific antigen
(PSA), Ki67 (Proliferative index), PI-RADS, BPH (Benign prostatic hyperplasia)

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JHC 2023 July v7 i2 s8

Original Contribution

Role of Reticulin & Masson’s Trichrome Stains in Evaluation of Extent of
Fibrosis in Bone Marrow Biopsies: A Histochemical Study on 36 Cases of
Primary Myelofibrosis

1.*Dr. Sadia Afroz, Medical Officer, Department of Histopathology, National Institute of Cancer Research &
Hospital (NICRH), Mohakhali, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh; sadiatoma2813@gmail.com
2. Dr. Bishnu Pada Dey, Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, BSMMU.
3. Dr. Rumana Yasmin, Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Dhaka Central International Medical College,
Dhaka, Bangladesh.
4. Dr. Evana Kabir, Specialist, Laboratory, United Hospital, Gulshan-2, Dhaka, Bangladesh
5. Dr. Syeeda Shiraj-Um-Mahmuda, Lecturer, Department of Pathology, Dhaka Medical College & Hospital, Dhaka.
6. Dr. Tasmia Islam, Specialist (Pathology), Square Hospital Limited, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh.
7. Dr. Ummey Salma Shabnam, , Assistant Professor, Department of Histopathology, National Institute of Cancer
Research & Hospital (NICRH), Mohakhali, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh.
8. Dr. A.K.M. Nurul Kabir, Professor, Department of Pathology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University
(BSMMU), Shahbagh, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.
*For correspondence

Abstract
Background: Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is a rare hematological malignancy with higher
mortality and morbidity due to progression of bone marrow fibrosis (BMF). The amount of bone
marrow reticulin and collagen fibrosis is detected by reticulin and Masson’s trichrome (MT) stains,
respectively. The study aimed to explore the pattern and degree of BMF in PMF cases with above
mentioned special stains along with conventional Hematoxylin& Eosin (H&E) stain.
Methods: Thirty-six histopathologically suggested or diagnosed cases of PMF were studied at the
Department of Pathology, BSMMU. Paraffin blocks of trephine biopsy specimens of the selected
cases were collected. H&E, reticulin and MT stains were applied on the re-cut sections. Extent of
fibrosis was assessed by examining the sections with each special stain using a proposed four
scaled semiquantitative bone marrow fibrosis (MF) grading systems. The cases were divided into
two groups. Patients having grade MF-0 to MF-1 were considered absent pathological BMF. Those
cases with MF-2 to MF-3 were encountered with present pathological BMF.
Results: In this study, 19 (52.8%) PMF cases had pathological BMF diagnosed by only H&E.
Moreover, thirty four (94.4%) patients had pathological BMF corresponding to MF-2 to MF-3
detected by special stains.
Conclusion: Significantly higher (p<0.05) detection of pathological BMF cases with use of
additional special stains recommends that, both reticulin and MT stains can be used routinely to
assess BMF properly according to special grading system.

[Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology, 2023 Jul; 7 (2):103-111]
Keywords: Bone marrow fibrosis, Primary myelofibrosis, Reticulin fibrosis, Collagen fibrosis,
Reticulin stain, Masson’s trichrome stain, Hematoxylin & Eosin, Bone marrow fibrosis (MF) grade.

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JHC 2023 v7 i2 s7

Original Contribution

Histomorphological Pattern of Vocal Cord Lesions in a Tertiary Care Hospital

1.*Dr Naila Awal, Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Green Life Medical College, Dhaka.
nailaawal@gmail.com
2. Dr Md Saidur Rahman, Professor and Head, Department of Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Medical College, Barishal.
3. Dr Subrata Ray, Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Medical College, Barishal.
4. Dr Abirvab Naha, Assistant Professor, Department of Otolaryngology- Head and neck Surgery, Bangabandhu
Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka.
5. Dr Rumana Yasmin, Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Dhaka Central International Medical College,
Dhaka.
6. Dr Lyzu Sharmin, Assistant Professor, Histopathology department, National Institute of Cancer Research and
Hospital, Dhaka.
7. Dr Md. Shafiqul Alam, Associate Professor, Radiology and Imaging Department, Monno Medical College,
Manikgonj.
*For correspondence

Abstract
Background: Voice is the most important component for human to communicate their ideas,
emotion and personality with the outside world. Vocal cord lesion is one of the most common
problems in the Otolaryngology Department. Even the smallest swelling on the free edge of vocal
cord can cause voice disturbances and has significant social and psychological impact. The aim of
our study was to find out the frequencies of the vocal cord lesions and to assess the various
histomorphological characteristics of these lesions among the patients of various age groups in
Bangladeshi population.
Methods: A retrospective, record review (secondary data analysis) study was carried out among
2054 patients who underwent surgery in Green Life hospital for any vocal cord lesion between the
period of 2011 to 2021. The data was collected from an electronic database from Histopathology
Department of Green Life Hospital.
Result: The study population consists of total 2054 cases with male and female ratio of 3.8:1. The
age of the patient was between 5 to 95 years and the majority of the patients (27%) were presented
with 3rd to 4th decades. Male (79%) were commonly affected than female (21%). Male patients
showed higher percentage in 40-50 years age group (21%), while female patient showed higher
percentage in 18-40 years age group (13%).
A total of 63 (3.1 %) cases were non neoplastic, 1966 (95.7%) cases were neoplastic, and 25 (1.2
%) cases were diagnosed as premalignant. The most common vocal cord lesion was vocal cord
polyp (81.3%) followed by invasive squamous cell carcinoma 272 cases (13.2%).
Conclusion: The histopathological examination of vocal cord lesion is the gold standard diagnostic
tool to evaluate voice disorders. The early diagnosis should be done carefully to evaluate
underlying pathology for better management

[Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology, 2023 Jul; 7 (2):95-102]
Keywords: Vocal cord, Histopathology

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