Tag: Bangladesh.

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jhc2026v10i2s2

Original
Lupus Nephritis; an Unrevealed Morbidity in Bangladeshi Population- A Clinical and Histomorphological Study
*Imrana,1 Islam SJ,2 Rahman TS,3 Azad A4

  1. *Dr Farah Imrana, Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, BIHS General Hospital, Mirpur-1, Dhaka. farahdr02@gmail.com. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0941-9638
  2. Brig Gen. Prof SK Jaynul Islam, Senior Consultant, Pathology, BIRDEM Hospital, Shahbag, Dhaka. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0388-4441
  3. Dr. Tanzila Subrina Rahman, Associate Professor, Pathology, Rajshahi Medical College. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2373-4996
  4. Dr. Afroza Azad, Associate Professor, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, BIHS General Hospital, Mirpur-1, Dhaka. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8579-6128

Abstract
Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disorder with multi-organ involvement. SLE affect on kidneys, mostly referred to as Lupus nephritis (LN) is of special interest for three reasons. First, lupus nephritis is one of the commonest types of organ involvement in this disorder, affecting as up to 45% of all patients with SLE. Second, it presents with a great variety of clinical and histopathological findings and thirdly, it greatly affects the morbidity and mortality of SLE patients. Thus, LN is one of the most serious SLE complications and the clinicopathological findings of LN are responsible for the ultimate prognosis of SLE. But these findings show geographical variation. Data on LN of Bangladeshi patients are rare in  literature and most of them describe mostly clinical features rather than the histomorphologic findings.
Objectives: To evaluate demographic, clinical, laboratory and histomorphological characteristics of LN patient and analyze correlations across different INS/RPS 2003 classes.
Method: A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary diagnostic center in Dhaka from July 2024 to June 2025. Total fifty clinically diagnosed SLE cases with renal involvement were included in this study. The study group were underwent renal core biopsy. Histological evaluation and direct immunofluorescence (DIF) study were done on each specimen. Each case was classified according to the International Society for Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society (ISN/RPS) 2003 LN classification system and compared with the clinical, biochemical and immunological findings.
Results: The mean age was 28.3±12.2 years (range: 9-70), with female predominance (M:F ratio 1:4.5). Proteinuria was the leading presentation (96%), followed by hematuria (56%). ISN/RPS classification revealed Class IV as most frequent (40%), followed by Class III (26%). Class II (22%), Class V (08%) and Class I (04%). Proliferative LN (Class III/IV) exhibited crescent formation (30%), wire loop formation (34%) and necrotizing change (36%). Full house Immunofluorescence deposits were present in 85% of evaluable cases. Higher activity and chronicity indices were observed in Class IV lesions, correlating with worse renal function.
Conclusion: Class IV LN was the predominant and most severe subtype, strongly associated with adverse clinical, biochemical and histological features. Early renal biopsy and clinicopathological correlation remain indispensable for prognosis and therapeutic planning in Bangladeshi patients.
[Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology, 2026 Jul; 10 (2):86-95]
DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.69950/jhc.2026.10.2.2
*For correspondence
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jhc2025v9i1s7

Original

Computed Tomography Guided Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Mass Lesions of Lung: A Study of 56 Cases

*Wahed A,1 Islam N,2 Hossain MM,3 Nurunnabi M4

 

  1. *Dr. Abdul Wahed, Lecturer, Department of Pathology, Tangail Medical College, Tangail 1900, Bangladesh. shouravsomc88@gmail.com, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6273-0145
  2. Nazmul Islam, Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Army Medical College Cumilla, Cumilla 3500, Bangladesh. nazmul47@gmail.com
  3. Mohammad Mosharaf Hossain, Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Tangail Medical College, Tangail 1900, Bangladesh. mosharaf51@gmail.com
  4. Mohammad Nurunnabi, Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, Sylhet Women’s Medical College, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh. nur.somch@gmail.com

 

*For correspondence

Abstract

Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) determines the type of tumour and affirms the diagnosis. Computed tomography (CT)-guided FNAC of suspicious lung masses is a widely employed, inexpensive diagnostic procedure.

Objective: To evaluate the age, sex, topographic distribution, size, and cytopathological diagnosis of lung mass lesions using CT-guided FNAC.

Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study included 56 individuals with pulmonary mass lesions, most of which were presumably caused by neoplastic disease, as evidenced by chest radiographs and CT scans. The study was conducted between June 2022 and June 2024.

Results: The mean age of the study participants was 63.6±11.8 years, with more than half (51.8%) falling within the 46–65 age group. Lesions were more commonly found in the right lung (57.1%) compared to the left lung (42.9%). The upper lobe accounted for about two-thirds of the lesions (64.3%), while the middle lobe had the fewest (3.6%). Of all cases, 87.5% were malignant, and 12.5% were benign. The most common malignant lesions were squamous cell carcinoma (33.9%), adenocarcinoma (28.6%), and poorly differentiated carcinomas (21.4%). Small cell carcinoma was identified in 3.6% of cases. There was a statistically significant association between age group and type of malignancy (P<0.05), with the 46–65 age group showing a higher prevalence of malignant lesions (55.1%).

Conclusion: CT-guided FNAC is a highly effective and comparatively accurate diagnostic technique for pulmonary mass lesions, with a permissible complication risk.

[Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology, 2025 Jan; 9 (1):48-54]

DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.69950/jhc2025v9i1s7

 

Keywords: FNAC, CT-guided FNAC, pulmonary mass lesions, Tangail, Bangladesh.