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jhc2026v10i2s4


Original
Spectrum of Hepatic Lesions Diagnosed by Image-Guided Cytology and Core Needle Biopsy: A Retrospective Clinicopathological Study
*Quruni MO,1 Hossain MS,2 Afrin SS,3 Saha MK,4 Alam SN,5 Nupur FP,6 Jahan PA7
 

  1. *Dr. Md Oyes Quruni, MD (Pathology), Assistant Professor and Head, Department of Pathology, Tangail Medical College, Tangail. oyesquruni@gmail.com. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9184-3173.
  2. Dr. Md. Shahadat Hossain, MD (Pathology), Lecturer, Department of Pathology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4384-4684.
  3. Dr. Syeda Sadia Afrin, MD (Pathology) Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7257-3583.
  4. Dr. Mridul Kumar Saha, MD (Pathology), Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology. Manikganj Medical College, Manikganj. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2079-7757.   
  5. Dr. SM Nazmul Alam, MD (Pathology), Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Tangail medical College hospital, Tangail. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8847-7514.
  6. Dr. Farjana Pervin Nupur, MD (Pathology), Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5416-1073.
  7. Dr. Pamia Arika Jahan, MBBS, Shaheed Monsur Ali Medical College, Dhaka ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9103-4864.

*For correspondence

Abstract

Background: The liver is affected by a wide range of non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions, requiring accurate diagnosis for appropriate management and prognostication. Image-guided cytology and biopsy are important diagnostic tools for evaluation of hepatic lesions.
Objective: To assess the spectrum of hepatic lesions diagnosed by ultrasonography-guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and core biopsy, and to analyze their demographic and pathological distribution.
Methods: This retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a private laboratory in Tangail, Bangladesh, from March 2025 to March 2026. A total of 37 cases of radiologically detected hepatic lesions were included by consecutive sampling. Among them, 30 cases underwent USG-guided FNAC and 7 cases underwent USG-guided core needle biopsy. Clinical, radiological, cytological, and histopathological data were reviewed. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 26.0. Continuous variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation, while categorical variables were presented as frequency and percentage.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 54.95 ± 13.39 years, with most cases in the 41–60 years age group (54.1%). Male patients predominated (64.9%). Metastatic carcinoma was the most common lesion (62.2%), followed by non-neoplastic lesions (18.9%), hepatocellular carcinoma (13.5%), benign lesions (5.4%), and cholangiocarcinoma (2.7%). Metastatic adenocarcinoma was the most frequent malignant subtype. Radiological-pathological concordance was 83.8%.
Conclusion: Metastatic tumors were the predominant hepatic lesions, while hepatocellular carcinoma was the most common primary malignancy. Combined use of radiology, FNAC, and core biopsy remains valuable for accurate diagnosis and management of hepatic lesions.
[Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology, 2026 Jul; 10 (2):104-110]
DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.69950/jhc.2026.10.2.4
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jhc2026v10i2s3

Original
Stromal Expression of CD10 in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and its Association with Histological Grade
*Hasnain M,1 Jeba R,2 Doly NJ,3 Hasan M,4 Nahar R,5 Nupur FP6

  1. *Dr. Monera Hasnain, MD (Pathology), Histopathologist, Department of Pathology, Mugda Medical College, Dhaka. drmonera0090@gmail.com. ORCID:https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1073-7039
  2. Dr. Ruksana Jeba, MD (Pathology), Professor and Head, Department of Pathology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka ORCID:https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3025-7309.
  3. Dr. Nusrat Jahan Doly, MD (Pathology), Assistant Surgeon, National Institute of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Dhaka. ORCID:https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0440-0056.
  4. Dr. Marufa Hasan, MD (Pathology), Assistant Professor (In situ), Department of Pathology, Mugda Medical College, Dhaka. ORCID:https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6681-2468.
  5. Dr. Rejwana Nahar, MD (Pathology), Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Mugda Medical College, Dhaka. ORCID:https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1883-7794.
  6. Dr. Farjana Pervin Nupur, MD (Pathology), Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. ORCID:https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5416-1073.

*For correspondence
Abstract
Background:Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most frequently encountered malignancies of the oral cavity worldwide. Identification of reliable molecular markers may improve prognostic assessment and individualized management of affected patients.
Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was performed in the Department of Pathology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, between September 2022 and August 2024. A total of 56 histopathologically confirmed OSCC cases, including 40 resected specimens and 16 mucosal biopsies, were enrolled according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides and paraffin-embedded tissue blocks were reviewed in all cases. Immunohistochemical staining for CD10 and Masson trichrome staining were carried out on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections. Stromal CD10 expression was assessed and correlated with histological grade. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23, and a p-value below 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Most patients belonged to the 41–60 years age group (46.4%). The mean age was 61.0 ± 12.84 years, and males were more frequently affected than females with a ratio of 2.1:1. Positive stromal CD10 immunoreactivity was detected in 45 (80.4%) cases. The highest positivity was observed in poorly differentiated tumors (100%), followed by moderately differentiated tumors (96.3%) and well differentiated tumors (44.4%). The association between CD10 expression and histological grade was statistically significant (p=0.00001).
Conclusion: The present study demonstrated a significant relationship between stromal CD10 expression and increasing histological grade of OSCC. Therefore, CD10 may serve as a useful adjunctive marker for predicting aggressive biological behavior in oral squamous cell carcinoma.
[Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology, 2026 Jul; 10 (2):96-103]
DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.69950/jhc.2026.10.2.3
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jhc2026v10i2s2

Original
Lupus Nephritis; an Unrevealed Morbidity in Bangladeshi Population- A Clinical and Histomorphological Study
*Imrana,1 Islam SJ,2 Rahman TS,3 Azad A4

  1. *Dr Farah Imrana, Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, BIHS General Hospital, Mirpur-1, Dhaka. farahdr02@gmail.com. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0941-9638
  2. Brig Gen. Prof SK Jaynul Islam, Senior Consultant, Pathology, BIRDEM Hospital, Shahbag, Dhaka. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0388-4441
  3. Dr. Tanzila Subrina Rahman, Associate Professor, Pathology, Rajshahi Medical College. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2373-4996
  4. Dr. Afroza Azad, Associate Professor, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, BIHS General Hospital, Mirpur-1, Dhaka. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8579-6128

Abstract
Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disorder with multi-organ involvement. SLE affect on kidneys, mostly referred to as Lupus nephritis (LN) is of special interest for three reasons. First, lupus nephritis is one of the commonest types of organ involvement in this disorder, affecting as up to 45% of all patients with SLE. Second, it presents with a great variety of clinical and histopathological findings and thirdly, it greatly affects the morbidity and mortality of SLE patients. Thus, LN is one of the most serious SLE complications and the clinicopathological findings of LN are responsible for the ultimate prognosis of SLE. But these findings show geographical variation. Data on LN of Bangladeshi patients are rare in  literature and most of them describe mostly clinical features rather than the histomorphologic findings.
Objectives: To evaluate demographic, clinical, laboratory and histomorphological characteristics of LN patient and analyze correlations across different INS/RPS 2003 classes.
Method: A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary diagnostic center in Dhaka from July 2024 to June 2025. Total fifty clinically diagnosed SLE cases with renal involvement were included in this study. The study group were underwent renal core biopsy. Histological evaluation and direct immunofluorescence (DIF) study were done on each specimen. Each case was classified according to the International Society for Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society (ISN/RPS) 2003 LN classification system and compared with the clinical, biochemical and immunological findings.
Results: The mean age was 28.3±12.2 years (range: 9-70), with female predominance (M:F ratio 1:4.5). Proteinuria was the leading presentation (96%), followed by hematuria (56%). ISN/RPS classification revealed Class IV as most frequent (40%), followed by Class III (26%). Class II (22%), Class V (08%) and Class I (04%). Proliferative LN (Class III/IV) exhibited crescent formation (30%), wire loop formation (34%) and necrotizing change (36%). Full house Immunofluorescence deposits were present in 85% of evaluable cases. Higher activity and chronicity indices were observed in Class IV lesions, correlating with worse renal function.
Conclusion: Class IV LN was the predominant and most severe subtype, strongly associated with adverse clinical, biochemical and histological features. Early renal biopsy and clinicopathological correlation remain indispensable for prognosis and therapeutic planning in Bangladeshi patients.
[Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology, 2026 Jul; 10 (2):86-95]
DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.69950/jhc.2026.10.2.2
*For correspondence
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