Tag: Immunohistochemistry

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jhc2026v10i2s12

Case Report
Pulmonary Sclerosing Pneumocytoma: Diagnostic Challenges in Frozen Section – A Case Report and Literature Review
*Anjum R,1 Hossain Bhuiyan MZ 2

  1. *Dr. Rahat Anjum, Associate Consultant, Histopathology & Cytopathology, Apollo Imperial Hospitals, Zakir Hossain Road, Chittagong. r.dr@gmail.com. https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2233-6992
  2. Dr. Mohammad Zakir Hossain Bhuiyan, Associate Professor, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chittagong Medical College Hospital. https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7942-1420

*For correspondence
Abstract
Pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma (SP) is a rare benign tumor of the lung that may histologically resemble malignant neoplasms, particularly during frozen section evaluation. We report a case of a 19-year-old female with an incidentally detected pulmonary nodule. Intraoperative frozen section examination raised suspicion of malignancy, leading to lobectomy. However, permanent histopathological evaluation revealed the characteristic dual cell population arranged in papillary, sclerotic, and hemorrhagic patterns. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of SP, demonstrating positivity for EMA and TTF-1 in both tumor cell types, while Napsin-A and cytokeratin were positive only in surface epithelial cells. The round stromal cells showed weak estrogen receptor expression, and the Ki-67 proliferation index was low. Recognition of the histological spectrum and immunophenotype of SP is essential to avoid misinterpretation and unnecessary extensive surgical procedures.
[Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology, 2026 Jul; 10 (2):163-169]
DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.69950/jhc.2026.10.2.12

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jhc2026v10i2s10


Original
PD-L1 Immunoexpression in Selected Cases of Lung Carcinoma: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study from a Tertiary Care Center in Bangladesh
*Khanam KF,¹ Ayeeda AS,2 Omar T,3 Bhuiyan MT,4 Khanam KA,5  Bhadra S,6Manik MM7

  1. *Dr. Kazi Farzana Khanam, Assistant Professor, Dept. of Pathology, Bangladesh Medical University. kazifarzanabmu@gmail.com. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3496-7337
  2. Dr. Ayesha Sadia Ayeeda, Resident, Phase B, Department of Pathology, Bangladesh Medical University. Ayeeda.ayesha@gmail.com. ORCD: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6709-3582
  3. Dr. Tasnim Omar, Resident, Phase B, Dept. of Pathology, Bangladesh Medical University. Tasnimomar46@gmail.com. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4947-3759
  4. Dr. Md Abdullah Tareq Bhuiyan, Assistant Professor, Department of Anaesthesiology, Nilphamari Medical College. bhuiyantareqk54@gmail.com. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2766-5296
  5. Dr. Kazi Arhamna Khanam, Resident, Phase B, Depertment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Child and mother health, Dhaka. Arhamna.ilka100@gmail.com. ORCID:  https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7264-0520
  6. Dr. Shima Bhadra, Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Bangladesh Medical University. shimabhadra@gmail.com. ORCD:  https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0367-4357
  7. Dr. Md Mohiuddin Manik, Resident, Phase B, Department of General Surgery, Bangladesh Medical University. manikroyal88@gmail.com. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2101-5905

*For correspondence
Abstract
Background: Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is an important predictive biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Immunohistochemical assessment of PD-L1 expression has become an essential component in selecting patients for immunotherapy.
Objective: To evaluate PD-L1 immunoexpression in selected cases of lung carcinoma and determine its distribution among different histological subtypes.
Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, Bangladesh Medical University, from 1 June 2025 to 10 June 2026. Thirty-five histopathologically confirmed cases of lung carcinoma in which PD-L1 immunohistochemistry using the PD-L1 (22C3) monoclonal antibody clone had been performed were included. PD-L1 expression was assessed by Tumor Proportion Score (TPS). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.
Results: The age of the patients ranged from 40 to 83 years, with a mean age of 60.8 ± 10.9 years. Among the 35 cases, 24 (68.6%) were male and 11 (31.4%) were female. Adenocarcinoma was the most common histological subtype (57.1%), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (34.3%), NSCLC-NOS (5.7%), and adenosquamous carcinoma (2.9%). PD-L1 positivity was observed in 4 (11.4%) cases. Among the positive cases, three were adenocarcinoma and one was NSCLC-NOS. TPS values were 29%, 30%, and 50% in adenocarcinoma cases and 15% in the NSCLC-NOS case. One adenocarcinoma demonstrated high PD-L1 expression (TPS ≥50%).
Conclusion: PD-L1 expression was identified in a small proportion of selected lung carcinoma cases and was predominantly observed in adenocarcinoma. Routine PD-L1 testing may facilitate identification of patients who are likely to benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
[Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology, 2026 Jul; 10 (2):154-159]
DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.69950/jhc.2026.10.2.10
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jhc2026v10i2s5


Original
Immunohistochemical Expression of Extracellular Matrix Metalloproteinase Inducer (EMMPRIN/CD147) in Renal Cell Carcinoma and Its Association with Histological Grade and Pathological Stage
*Mahmud S,¹ Bhuiyan AZ,2  Hossain SA,3 Yasmin R,4  Saha MK,5 Masud MR,6 Shakila J,7  Afrin S8

  1. *Dr. SMA Mahmud, MD (Pathology), Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, National Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Referral Center, Dhaka. mahmudmoon@gmail.com. ORCID:https://orcid.org/ 0009-0001-8975-2406
  2. Dr. ARM Zakaria Bhuiyan, MD (Pathology), Lecturer, Department of Pathology, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh. ORCID:https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9374-6854.
  3. Dr. Shaikh Alamgir Hossain, MD (Pathology), Professor, Ex-Head Department of Pathology, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh.
  4. Dr. Rubina Yasmin, MD (Pathology), Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh. ORCID:https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4011-7056.
  5. Dr. Mridul Kumar Saha, MD (Pathology), Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Manikganj Medical College, Manikganj. ORCID:https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2079-7757.
  6. Dr. Md. Rakibul Islam Masud, FCPS (Radiotherapy), Radiotherapist, Department of Radiotherapy, MMCH, Mymensingh. ORCID:https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9509-1375.
  7. Dr. Jobaida Shakila, MBBS, Ex Assistant Registrar, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Delta Hospital Limited, Dhaka. ORCID:https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0778-
  8. Dr. Sadia Afrin, MBBS, Army Medical College, Jashore . ORCID:https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5326-3413. 

*For correspondence
Abstract
Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the commonest malignant epithelial tumor of kidney. Histological grade and stage are major prognostic indicators; however, additional biomarkers may improve prognostic assessment. EMMPRIN/CD14 is associated with tumor invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. The aim of this study is to evaluate immunohistochemical expression of EMMPRIN/CD147 in RCC and determine its association with histological grade and pathological stage.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 40 nephrectomy specimens diagnosed as RCC. Histological grading was done according to WHO/ISUP system and staging by AJCC TNM classification. Immunohistochemical staining for EMMPRIN/CD147 was performed and scored by intensity and proportion of stained cells.
Results: Clear cell RCC was the commonest subtype (67.5%). High EMMPRIN expression was observed in 27 (67.5%) cases. Strong membranous and cytoplasmic positivity was more frequent in higher grade and advanced stage tumors. Significant association was found between EMMPRIN expression and histological grade and pathological stage (p<0.05).
Conclusion: EMMPRIN/CD147 high expression is associated with aggressive behavior of RCC and may be a useful prognostic biomarker.
[Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology, 2026 Jul; 10 (2):111-117]
DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.69950/jhc.2026.10.2.5

 

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