Category: Journal

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jhc2025v9i1s5

Original Article

Determination of Mast Cell Density in Urothelial Carcinoma of Urinary Bladder and its Relation with Grading and Invasiveness

 *Wahid SR,1 Asafudullah SM,2 Khatun MM,3 Momin NN,4 Shirin S5

 

  1. *Dr. Sadia Refat Wahid, MBBS, MD (Pathology), Curator, Department of Pathology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. sadia403102@gmail.com
  2. S M Asafudullah, MBBS, MD (Pathology), Professor, Department of Pathology, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi.
  3. Mst. Mahmuda Khatun, MBBS, MD (Pathology), Lecturer, Department of Pathology, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi.
  4. Naznin Nahar Momin, MBBS, MD (Pathology), Assistant Professor, Chattagram Maa O Shishu Hospital Medical College, Chittagong.
  5. Sadia Shirin, MBBS, Lecturer, Department of Pathology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka

 

*For correspondence

Abstract

Background: Urothelial carcinoma (UC) has a high incidence rate and related mortality in developing countries like Bangladesh which is increasing day by day. Mast cells (MCs) in UC are possibly involved in tumor angiogenesis, tissue remodeling, immunomodulation, and most importantly with a favorable or unfavorable prognosis. Mast cell targeted strategies in cancer therapy showed success in many tumors. Our study was designed to determine mast cell density in urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder and to evaluate its relation with histologic grading and invasiveness.

 

Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at the Department of Pathology, Rajshahi Medical College from September 2019 to August 2021. A total of 51 case of urothelial carcinoma were included in this study. The continuous variable (age of patient) was expressed as frequency, percentage, mean±SD, and range. MCD were expressed as mean±SD and median. An unpaired t-test was done to see the differences of MCD of the patients according to grade and invasion.

Results: Most of the cases were found in between 61 to 70 years. Male to female ratio was found to be 2.4:1. Most frequent tumor location was a lateral wall of the urinary bladder (37.3%), 56.9% of cases were high grade & 43.1% were low-grade urothelial carcinoma. Muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma (MIBC) was found in 51.0% of patients and 49.0% of patients were found with non-muscle invasive bladder carcinoma (NMIBC).It was observed that with Toluidine blue staining mean mast cell density was 48.48 ± 18.66 in high-grade urothelial carcinoma and 18.86 ± 10.59 in low-grade urothelial carcinoma. So mast cell density (MCD) was increased with an increase in the grade of tumor. The mean (±SD) MCD of MIBC and NMIBC were 48.96 (±18.92) and 21.92 (±14.15) respectively. So mast cell densitywas observed to increase in muscle-invasive bladder tumors.  Determination of the relation of MCD in urothelial carcinoma with grade and invasiveness was done in this study. An unpaired t-test was done to measure the level of significance. The p-value is highly significant (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Mast cell density (MCD) positively correlates with invasion and grading of urothelial carcinoma of urinary bladder.

[Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology, 2025 Jan; 9 (1):30-37]

DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.69950/jhc2025v9i1s5

Keywords: Urothelial  Carcinoma, Mast cell density, Toluidine blue staining

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jhc2025v9i1s4

Original Article

Expression of P53 in Clinically Diagnosed Solitary Thyroid Nodules

 *Ripa SP,1 Shilpi HK,2 Begum S3

 

  1. *Dr. Sabera Pervin Ripa, Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, United Medical College, Shatarkul, Dhaka. dr.saberapervin@gmail.com.
  2. Harunur Rashid Khan Shilpi, Professor and ex-Head, Department of Pathology, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka.
  3. Shahnaj Begum, Professor and Head, Department of Pathology, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka.

 

*For correspondence

Abstract

Background: Solitary thyroid nodule has provoked increased concern owing to higher incidence of malignancy in it compared to multinodular goiter.Expression of p53 in solitary thyroid nodules has a significant impact on early diagnosis and better treatment strategy of thyroid carcinoma.

Method: Total 40 cases of solitary thyroid nodules were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining for mutant p53 expression. The study was performed in Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka (from January, 2019 to December, 2020). Statistical analyses were carried out by using SPSS version 22 for Windows. A descriptive analysis was performed for all data.

Results: In this study, the mean age was 33.38 ± 13.11 and male to female ratio was 1:9. p53 expression was observed to be found more in relatively smaller tumor and most of the  differentiated tumors. Among malignant lesions, the predominant histologic type was papillary thyroid carcinoma (85%) including follicular variant and usual type. All carcinomas (100%) were well differentiated. Most of malignant lesions (92.6%) showed positive p53 expression.

Conclusion: Patients with p53 expression are related to malignant thyroid nodules. So, p53 immunoexpression is an important genetic marker for differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules.

 

[Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology, 2025 Jan; 9 (1):20-29]

DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.69950/jhc2025v9i1s4

 

Keywords: Solitary thyroid nodule, p53

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jhc2025v9i1s3

Original Article

Expression of Estrogen Receptor and Progesterone Receptor in Malignant Epithelial Ovarian Tumors

*Shams S,1 Das R,2 Saha S3

  1. * Sifat Shams, Medical Officer, Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. sifatshams24@gmail.com.
  2. Reba Das, Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Sathkhira Medical College Hospital, Sathkhira, Bangladesh
  3. Shawni Saha, Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh

*For correspondence

Abstract

Background: Malignant epithelial ovarian tumors are a significant cause of cancer-related deaths in women. The expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER and PR) in these tumors has been studied extensively, as they play a critical role in the pathogenesis and treatment of ovarian cancer. ER and PR expression levels in ovarian tumors can impact treatment decisions and patient outcomes. Therefore, understanding the frequency and distribution of ER and PR expression in different types of ovarian tumors is crucial in improving patient care.

Method: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the Department of Pathology, Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The study duration was 2 years, from January 2018 to December 2019. During this period, a total of 45 adult female patients with histopathologically diagnosed malignant epithelial ovarian tumors by H&E staging were selected for the study.

Results: In this study, the majority of participants were aged 41-60 years and reported irregular menstrual cycles or being post-menopausal. Most were nulliparous, and the mean CA125 level was 149.51. Serous cystadenocarcinoma was the most common diagnosis (68.89%). ER was positive in 51.11% of cases, with a higher proportion in serous cystadenocarcinoma (64.52%) compared to mucinous cystadenocarcinoma. PR was positive in 80% of cases, with the highest proportion in endometrioid carcinoma (50%). ER expression was significantly higher in serous tumors compared to non-serous tumors (p=0.002), but the association between tumor type and PR expression was not significant (p=0.192).

Conclusion: The study found that the majority of participants were aged 41-60 years, had irregular menstrual cycles, or were post-menopausal. Serous cystadenocarcinoma was the most common diagnosis. A significant difference in ER positivity was observed between serous and mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, as well as other subtypes. PR positivity was observed in the majority of participants, but no significant association was observed with histopathological subtypes or serous types.

[Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology, 2025 Jan; 9 (1):10-19]

DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.69950/jhc2025v9i1s3

 Keywords:  Estrogen, Progesterone, Cancer, Carcinoma, Ovarian, Malignant