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jhc.2024.v8.i2.4


Editorial
Original Contribution

Significance of Combined Immuno-histochemical Expression of P63 & CD56 in Papillary and Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma

 

*Majumder S,1 Khanom K,2 Ferdous JN3

  1. *Dr. Swapna Majumder, Lecturer, Department of Pathology, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi, Bangladesh. dr.swapna.rmch@gmail.com
  2. Khadiza Khanom, Professor and Head, Department of Pathology, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi, Bangladesh. drkhadiza68@gmail.com
  3. Jesmin Naz Ferdous, Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Bangladesh. limaf888@gmail.com

 

*For correspondence
Abstract
Background: Thyroid neoplasm is the commonest endocrine neoplasm. More than 80% of thyroid malignancies are papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) followed by follicular carcinoma (FC). The diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma is based on characteristic nuclear morphology of a thyroid neoplasm. In contrast, follicular variant of PTC may cause, if the nuclear features of PTC are insufficiently appreciated, severe problems in differentiating from follicular thyroid carcinoma. Several immunohistochemical (IHC) markers such as P63 and CD56 have been recommended to differentiate between this two thyroid malignancies with overlapping histomorphology.
Objectives: Our aim was to identify the possible diagnostic role of P63 and CD56 immunoexpression that distinguish PTC, including the follicular variant from follicular thyroid carcinoma.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, Rajshahi Medical College from March 2020 to February 2022. A total of 44 cases, histologically confirmed as papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma were included in the study. Immunohistochemistry was done for P63 and CD56 from selected paraffin blocks.
Results: Histologically, 39 cases were diagnosed as papillary thyroid carcinoma (27 were classical PTC & 12 were FVPTC) and the rest 5 were follicular thyroid carcinoma. In this study, mean age of the patients was 40.86 ± 6.57 years (SD) and male to female ratio was 1:2.4. P63 showed 74.4% positivity with papillary thyroid carcinoma. Positive immunoreactivity of P63 was highly significant in distinguishing papillary from follicular thyroid carcinoma (P=0.003). Combined P63 positive CD56 negative (P=0.048) and P63 negative CD56 negative immunoexpression (P=0.039) were statistically significant in differentiating papillary from follicular thyroid carcinoma.
Conclusion: This study suggested that the use of P63 and CD56 may be helpful in the diagnosis of papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma along with histopathological examination and their combination may also help in this purpose.

[Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology, 2024 Jul; 8 (2):91-99]
DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.69950/jhc.2024.v8.i2.4

Keywords: Immunohistochemistry (IHC), PTC, FVPTC, FC, P63, CD56
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jhc.2024.v8.i2.3


Editorial
Original Contribution

Histomorphological Patterns of Lesions in Lymph Node Biopsies in a Tertiary Care Hospital

*Sarkar A,1 Khanam K,2 Afrin T3

  1. *Dr. Anindita Sarkar, MD (Pathology), Assistant Professor (C.C), Department of Pathology, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi, abantica.16@gmail.com.
  2. Khadiza Khanam, MD (Pathology), Professor and Head, Department of Pathology, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi.
  3. Tanshina Afrin, MD (Pathology), Assistant Professor (C.C), Department of Pathology, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi.

* For Correspondence

Abstract
Background: Lymphadenopathy is one of the most common presentations of inflammatory and neoplastic disorders. Detailed assessment is required to reveal an underlying pathology. Clinical features along with radiology images may not be sufficient for diagnosis of lymph node enlargement. Hence, lymph node biopsy has become a mandatory tool to arrive at a definitive diagnosis.
Methods: This cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, Rajshahi Medical College over a period of one year from July 2022 to June 2023. A total of 130 cases of lymph node biopsies were included in this study as the study subjects purposively. Specimen of tissue was fixed with 10% formalin and stained with haematoxyline and eosin stain, followed by histopathological examination. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel.
Result: A total of 130 lymph node biopsies were studied with ages ranging from 13 to 72 years. Most of the cases (54%) belonged to 21-40 years. Female patients were 52% and male patients were 48%. Reactive hyperplasia was the commonest lesion accounting for 37% of cases (48 cases), followed by metastatic deposits showed in 36 cases (28%).Reactive hyperplasia was common in early age group while 69% of metastatic deposits were found in age group above 40 years. Duct cell carcinoma was the commonest metastatic carcinoma (42%) in this present study.
Conclusion: To establish the causes of lymphadenopathy, lymph node biopsy plays an important role. It is less expensive than other tests when investigating the cause of enlarged lymph nodes.

[Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology, 2024 Jul; 8 (2):84-90]
DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.69950/jhc.2024.v8.i2.3
Keywords: Lymphadenopathy, Biopsy, Histopathology, Lymph nodes.
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jhc.2024.v8.i2.2


Editorial
Original Contribution

Histopathological Analysis of Retinoblastoma: Insights into Prognostic Factors and Chemotherapeutic Response

*Anjum R,1 Roy SR,2 Nasir TA3

1. *Dr. Rahat Anjum, Associate Consultant, Histopathology & Cytopathology, Apollo Imperial Hospitals, Zakir
Hossain Road,Chattogram. anjum.r.dr@gmail.com
2. Dr. Soma Rani Roy, Consultant, Department of Oculoplasty and Ocular oncology, Chittagong Eye Infirmary.
3. Professor. Dr. Tareak Al Nasir, Senior Consultant and Laboratory Director, Islami Bank CentralLaboratory,
Dhaka
*For correspondence

Abstract
Background: Retinoblastoma is a highly aggressive ocular malignancy that mainly impacts young children. It is essential to comprehend the histopathological characteristics of this tumour to determine the most effective treatment approaches. Furthermore, recognizing high-risk histopathological factors can help predict the prognosis and guide treatment decisions for patients with retinoblastoma.
Objective:To analyse the histopathological features in eyes with retinoblastoma primarily treated by enucleation and those treated with chemoreduction. The goal is to identify high-risk factors and improve treatment modalities, prognosis, and reduce morbidity and mortality.
Methods: 40 enucleated eyes registered from October 2021 to October 2023 had been studied. Histopathological findings were evaluated according to age, sexlaterality, choroid, sclera, optic nerve, subarachnoid space involvement, necrosis, and calcification, degree of differentiation, chemotherapeutic effect and tumor regression after chemotherapy and histoprognostic factors. Grading and staging were done according to 8th AJCC classification of eye tumor.
Results:Rosettes, necrosis, calcification were common histological findings in this study. High risk factor assessment was very crucial in staging and prognosis. Chemotherapy treated eyes showed varying degrees of response.

Conclusion: Histopathological evaluation guide further management to prevent metastasis.
[Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology, 2024 Jul; 8 (2):74-83]
DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.69950/jhc.2024.v8.i2.2

Keywords: Retinoblastoma, High risk factors, Choroidal invasion

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