Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology
January 2024 Volume 8 Issue 1
Original Contribution
Immunoexpression of WT1 in Astrocytoma and its Correlation with Histopathological Grade
1. *Dr. Evana Kabir, Specialist (Pathology), United Hospital Limited, Gulshan-2, Dhaka, Bangladesh; evana19901@gmail.com
2. Professor Dr. Md Rezaul Karim Dewan, Professor, Department of Pathology, Greenlife Medical College, Ex-Professor and head, Dhaka Medical College.
3. Dr. Rejwana Nahar, Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Mugda Medical college, Dhaka.
4. Dr. Sadia Afroz, Medical Officer, Department of Histopathology, National Institute of Cancer Research & Hospital (NICRH), Mohakhali, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh.
5. Dr. Shamim Rahman, Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Jahurul Islam Medical College, Bajitpur Bangladesh.
6. Dr. Tasmia Islam, Specialist (Pathology), Square Hospital Limited, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh.
7. Dr. Khondoker Rakibul Hoque, Senior House Officer, Department of Orthopaedics, United Hospital Limited, Gulshan, Dhaka.
*For correspondence.
Abstract
Background: Astrocytoma comprises a group of neoplasms that differ in their location in the Central nervous system, morphologic features and invasive behavior. These are therapeutically challenging for their infiltrative growth pattern, occasionally resistant to conventional therapies and invariably high grade tumors have shown poor prognosis. Moreover biological behavior of astrocytoma and chance of recurrence cannot be ruled out by histopathological evaluation alone. So, new predictive marker for determining tumor progression is at stake.
Objectives: The purpose of the study was to evaluate WT1 expression in astrocytoma and its correlation with histological grade.
Methods: The cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, Dhaka Medical College (DMC) from September 2019 to August 2021. Histologically diagnosed 51 cases of different grades of astrocytoma were included in this study. Immunostaining with WT1 protein was done in all cases. The data were collected and statistical analysis was done by SPSS.
Results: The mean age for grade I, II, III and IV astrocytoma’s are 14, 27.5, 38.6 and 44 years respectively. There were 30 male and 21 female patients with the ratio 1.42:1. Among 51 cases of astrocytoma’s Grade I, II ,III and IV are 10, 15, 8 and 18 in number. By Immunohistochemical study positive WT1 expression was seen in all cases of astrocytoma’s (100%). Out of 25 cases of low grade astrocytoma’s (WHO grade I and II), expression was found mild in 12 (48%) cases, moderate in 11 (54%) cases and marked only 02 (8%) cases. Regarding 26 cases of high grade astrocytoma’s (WHO grade III and IV) expression found mostly marked in 16 (61.5%) cases, moderate in 09 (34.7%) and mild only in 01 (3.8%) cases. These data shows WT1 expression increases with WHO tumor grades and significant positive (p<0.001) correlation between WT1 expression and tumor grade.
Conclusion: The study reveals positive correlation between WT1 expressions with WHO tumor grade in astrocytoma. Furthermore, evaluation of WT1 with histopathological grading may provide information about tumor progression as well as guide the clinicians for therapeutic purposes.
[Journal of Histopathology and Cytopathology, 2024 Jan; 8 (1):19-30]
DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.69950/jhc.2024.v8.i1.04
Keywords: Astrocytoma, tumor grade, WT1 expression, tumor progression, Glioblastoma
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